Medical product shortages are not a new problem but have happened more often and gotten worse recently. The COVID-19 pandemic showed weak points in supply chains around the world. However, shortages were reported even before the pandemic. It is important to know the main reasons for these shortages to find good solutions.<\/p>\n
One big cause of shortages, found in about 50-60% of cases, is problems in making the products or quality control. Factories that make medicines or parts sometimes stop production because of broken equipment, contamination, or failing to meet rules. When factories have these problems, the supply is directly affected. Many older medicines rely on only a few makers, so a problem at one place can cause big supply gaps.<\/p>\n
Many shortages affect older, off-patent medicines. These drugs, used for diseases like those affecting the brain, heart, or infections, usually cost less and bring in small profits. Because they do not make much money, manufacturers might reduce or stop making these drugs. This causes worse supply and less reliable availability.<\/p>\n
The trade of medicines and medical devices worldwide has grown a lot in the last 30 years. According to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), global trade in medicines grew ten times, reaching 900 billion dollars in 2022. Trade in medical devices also grew seven times, reaching 700 billion dollars. While global trade helps access to medical products, it also makes the supply chain more complex and connected. If one part of the supply chain is delayed, such as shipping or customs, it affects the availability of products.<\/p>\n
In the European Union, about 8% of medical product shortages happen because of distribution problems. These include delays in transportation, crowded distribution centers, and problems delivering the product to the final location. These problems cause uneven supply and sudden shortages.<\/p>\n
While most attention is on medicine shortages, medical devices have also been in short supply more often. These problems were not fully noticed before the pandemic but have become more common since. Medical devices range from simple syringes to complex diagnostic machines. Their availability is important for normal and emergency medical care.<\/p>\n
The effects of medical product shortages go beyond just making work harder. They cause extra costs for patients, healthcare systems, and providers. They also directly affect how well patients do.<\/p>\n
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